本文采用二维离散元法模拟碎冰与船舶的相互作用。运用海冰粘弹性的Kelvin模型，结合船舶与碎冰的耦合运动，通过Newmark法求解三自由度船舶运动方程，计算船舶航行于碎冰区的碎冰载荷。与相关文献进行对比，验证本文数值模型的可行性。研究海冰不同的弹簧系数、粘性阻尼系数与摩擦系数对碎冰载荷的影响。结果表明：二维离散元数值模拟满足计算要求；相比于粘性阻尼系数，弹簧系数与摩擦系数对碎冰载荷影响更显著。本文的研究可为极地船舶碎冰阻力设计和船模实验提供理论帮助。
A two-dimensional discrete element method is adopted to simulate the interaction between broken ice and polar ship in this paper. The ice load coupled with motions of the ship is calculated based on the Kelvin model of the ice viscoelasticity. The Newmark-β integral method is applied in the simulation to update the motion equation of the three-degree-of-freedom rigid body at each time step when calculating the broken ice load of the ship sailing in the broken ice field. The feasibility of this numerical model is validated against the published results. Then, the effects of different spring coefficients, viscous damping coefficients and friction coefficients of the ice on the broken ice load are studied systematically. The results show that the present numerical simulation method satisfies the calculation requirements. The spring coefficient and friction coefficient have more significant influence on the ice load compared to the viscous damping coefficient. The method proposed in this paper is helpful to ice load design in managed ice and ship model test in ice basin.
2022,44(3): 13-20 收稿日期：2020-09-30
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.03.003
分类号：U661.31+1
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51809124，51911530156)；江苏省自然科学基金青年项目(BK20170576)
作者简介：杨斌(1994-)，男，硕士研究生，主要从事海洋结构物冰载荷研究
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