目前国内承建的吊舱推进船舶的吊舱设备主要依赖国外进口，但也逐渐开始国产化。吊舱推进轴系与传统桨轴系统轴系结构上有较大不同，如吊舱推进轴系较短而各段直径相差较大，材料也不尽相同，不能直接视为均质等截面轴，且受到的激励较多，研究其动力学特性及减振降噪，对于吊舱推进器研发阶段的低噪声设计具有重要意义。基于解析法，建立吊舱推进轴系的动力学模型，并通过与有限元法结果对比验证了方法的正确性。依据此模型，分析了轴承刚度、激励点、电机转轴尺寸对于受迫振动特性的影响。结果表明：轴承刚度的变化主要影响轴系中高阶共振峰的频率；在低频范围，螺旋桨的激励作用更加显著；电机转轴长度较长、直径与相邻轴段相差较大时，整体轴系在低频段会有更多振动响应。
At present, the pod equipment of pod propulsion ships constructed in China mainly relies on foreign imports, but it has gradually begun to be localized. The pod propulsion shafting system is quite different from the traditional propeller shaft system. For example, the propulsion shaft system of the pod is relatively short and the diameter of each section is quite different, and the materials are not same, so it cannot be directly regarded as a homogeneous shaft. Study its dynamic characteristics and reduce vibration and noise is of great significance to the low-noise design of the pod propulsion of the research and development stage. Based on the analytical method, the dynamic model of the pod propulsion shaft system is established in this paper, and the correctness of the method is verified by comparing with the results of the finite element method. Based on this model, the influence of bearing stiffness, excitation point and motor shaft size on vibration characteristics are analyzed. The results show that the change in bearing stiffness mainly affects the frequency of high-order resonance peaks in the shaft, the excitation effect of the propeller is more significant; when the motor shaft has a longer length and a large difference in diameter from the adjacent shaft section, the overall shaft system will have more vibration response in the low frequency range.
2022,44(3): 94-100 收稿日期：2021-05-06
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2022.03.018
分类号：U661.44
基金项目：工业和信息化部高技术船舶项目(MC-201917-C09)
作者简介：张聪(1986-)，女，博士，副教授，研究方向为船舶结构振动和噪声
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