本文通过理论方法研究水中无限长双层圆柱壳填充不同夹层介质时外壳散射特性。基于动态弹性理论和变量分离方法，针对无限液体介质各向同性双层圆柱壳对稳态谐波声音信号的散射问题，结合各向同性介质Lame运动方程和Hemholtz方程，推导得出水中无限长双层圆柱壳填充不同夹层介质时外壳散射场的严格解，计算分析一定波长和内外壳相对厚度范围内单、双壳体内部不同介质下稳态信号散射频率依赖性。结果显示，对于双层圆柱壳，外壳相对厚度的增加导致共振振幅平均从25 dB降低至15 dB；内壳厚度导致的外壳散射信号水平变化约为20log|D(0°)|，并随外壳厚度增加，平均从约17 dB降低至5～10 dB。
This article studies the scattering characteristics of an infinitely long double-layer cylindrical shell filled with different interlayer media in water through theoretical methods. Based on the theory of dynamic elasticity and variable separation method, the scattering problem of steady-state harmonic sound signals by isotropic double-layer cylindrical shells in infinite liquid media is studied. Combining the Lame motion equation and Hemholtz equation of isotropic media, the strict solution of the scattering field of the shell when the infinitely long double-layer cylindrical shell is filled with different interlayer media in water is derived. The frequency dependence of steady-state signal scattering in different media inside the single and double shells is calculated and analyzed within a certain wavelength and relative thickness range of the inner and outer shells. The results show that for double-layer cylindrical shells, an increase in the relative thickness of the shell leads to a decrease in the average resonance amplitude from 25 dB to 15 dB; The horizontal variation of the scattered signal caused by the thickness of the inner shell is about 20log|D(0°)|, and decreases from an average of about 17 dB to 5～10 dB as the thickness of the outer shell increases.
2025,47(10): 29-34 收稿日期：2024-8-7
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.10.005
分类号：U663.1；O422.5
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（52271342）；辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目（LJ212412931003）；辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目（JYTMS20231659，JYTQN2023412）
作者简介：宋晶晶（1985-），女，副教授，研究方向为水下结构声辐射
参考文献：
[1] 范军, 刘涛, 汤渭霖. 水中双层无限长圆柱壳体声散射[J]. 声学学报, 2003(4): 345-350.
[2] 周子翔, 任春雨. 轴对称壳体结构声散射高效计算方法[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2020, 42(15): 55-59.
[3] 李静, 马晓川, 李璇. 敷设空腔覆盖层水下复杂目标的声散射特性研究[J]. 声学技术, 2023, 42(4): 409-418.
[4] 吴杰, 陶猛, 刘凯磊, 等. 敷设空腔覆盖层的水下弹性球壳散射特性研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2020, 20(21): 8622-8628.
[5] 陈昌雄, 彭子龙, 宋昊, 等. 水下双层加肋圆柱壳全空间收发分置散射声场快速预报方法[J]. 声学学报, 2024, 49(1): 78-88.
[6] 苗涛, 葛青, 王志伟, 等. 有限长双层弹性圆柱壳体声散射研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2010, 31(1): 71-75.
[7] DOOLITTLE R D, ÜBERALL H. Sound scattering by elastic cylindrical shells.[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1966, 39(2): 272-275.
[8] BRILL D, GAUNAURD G C. Acoustic resonance scattering by a penetrable cylinder[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1983, 73(5): 1448-1455.
[9] AKAY A. Scattering of sound from concentric cylindrical shell[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 1991, 89(4): 1572-1578.
[10] ZHOU F L, FAN J, WANG B, et al. Numerical and experimental studies of the acoustic scattering from an externally ring-stiffened cylindrical shell[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2019, 23(6): 728-740.
[11] 童韫哲, 潘谢帆, 邓红超, 等. 加纵肋无限长圆柱壳声散射[J]. 船舶力学, 2022, 26(5): 750-760.
[12] 张占阳, 吕世金, 白振国. 有限长圆柱壳水下声辐射与散射耦合特性研究[J]. 声学技术, 2019, 38(2): 76-79.
[13] 王世博, 胡博, 张昊阳, 等. 含覆层圆柱空腔的声学材料水下吸声特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(14): 103-111+141.
[14] 孙阳, 安俊英, 徐海亭. 覆盖消声层圆柱壳的共振频率与声散射特性[J]. 声学技术, 2015, 34(6): 125-126.
