随着船舶制造等行业对焊接质量和效率要求的不断提高，激光-电弧复合焊接技术在铝合金船体建造等领域的应用愈发受到关注。深入分析了铝合金船体建造中激光与电弧的相互作用方式，包括能量耦合、力的作用和物质传输，同时探讨了激光参数、电弧参数及焊接工艺条件等影响因素。通过建立温度场与应力场的耦合有限元模型，研究了该技术在铝合金船体焊接中的热力学耦合规律，并进行仿真分析。结果表明，激光与电弧的相互作用显著影响焊接质量和效率，且温度场与应力场耦合模型能够为焊接工艺优化提供有效理论依据。这对于合理制定焊接工艺参数、提升铝合金船体焊接质量具有重要指导意义。
With the continuous improvement of the requirements for welding quality and efficiency in industries such as shipbuilding, the application of laser-arc composite welding technology in fields such as aluminum alloy hull construction has received increasing attention. The interaction mode between laser and arc in the construction of aluminum alloy hulls was deeply analyzed, including energy coupling, force action and material transport. Meanwhile, the influencing factors such as laser parameters, arc parameters and welding process conditions were discussed. By establishing a coupled finite element model of the temperature field and the stress field, the thermodynamic coupling law of this technology in the welding of aluminum alloy hulls was studied, and simulation analysis was carried out. The results show that the interaction between laser and arc significantly affects the welding quality and efficiency, and the coupling model of temperature field and stress field can provide an effective theoretical basis for the optimization of welding process. This is of great guiding significance for reasonably formulating welding process parameters and improving the welding quality of aluminum alloy hulls.
2025,47(11): 20-24 收稿日期：2024-12-12
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.11.004
分类号：U667.65
作者简介：邱鹏(1986-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为船舶智能焊接及建造技术
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