全球对温室气体减排和能源安全的关注增加，氨作为零碳燃料在内燃机应用中受到关注。本文探讨氨分解制氢对船用氨/柴油双燃料发动机性能和排放的影响。实验依托玉柴6KNDG单缸四冲程柴油机改造的测试平台，通过进气道预混氨气和缸内直接喷射柴油的供给方式，结合氨重整器利用尾气余热将氨部分转化为氢气燃烧。实验结果表明，引入氨重整器制氢后，发动机在最优工况下的输出功率提高了9.28%，同时燃烧效率显著提升。相较于未使用氨重整器的情况，该模式下的比能耗显著下降，最大降幅达到9.28%，这标志着能量利用效率得到了有效的提升。排放方面，NH3比排放量最高降低了78.86%，但NOx排放浓度在ADH模式下有所增加，最高增幅为22.41%。此外，THC比排放量最多减少39.73%，CO和N2O排放变化不大。氨分解制氢技术通过优化氨/柴油双燃料发动机的性能和排放，为船舶动力系统的低碳化转型提供了可行的技术路径。
Global concerns about greenhouse gas emission reduction and energy security have increased, and ammonia as a zero-carbon fuel has received attention in internal combustion engine applications. This study investigated the effects of hydrogen production by ammonia decomposition on the performance and emissions of marine ammonia / diesel dual fuel engines. The experiment relies on the test platform of Yuchai 6KNDG single-cylinder four-stroke diesel engine transformation. Through the supply mode of inlet premixed ammonia gas and direct injection of diesel in the cylinder, combined with the ammonia reformer, the ammonia part is converted into hydrogen combustion by using the waste heat of the exhaust gas. The experimental results show that the combustion efficiency and power output of the engine are improved by introducing ammonia reformer to produce hydrogen blending, and the output power of the engine is increased by up to 9.28% under the optimal operating conditions. Compared with the case without ammonia reformer, the specific energy consumption in this mode is significantly reduced, with a maximum decrease of 9.28%, which indicates that the energy utilization efficiency has been effectively improved. In terms of emissions, the highest NH3 emission was reduced by 78.86%, but the NOx emission concentration increased in the ADH mode, with a maximum increase of 22.41%. In addition, THC emissions were reduced by up to 39.73%, and CO and N2O emissions did not change much. Ammonia decomposition hydrogen production technology provides a low-carbon transformation for marine power systems by optimizing the performance and emissions of ammonia / diesel dual-fuel engines.
2025,47(18): 133-141 收稿日期：2024-12-15
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.18.022
分类号：U664.121.1
作者简介：李地龙（2001 ? ），男，硕士，研究方向为内燃机性能与排放控制
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