针对现有的海上路径损耗模型在实际无线电传播预测过程中存在性能不稳定的问题，在不考虑海面蒸发波导的前提下，提出一种引入阴影衰落因子的修正双射线模型。为验证修正模型和分析海上无线电传播特性，在琼州海峡区域建立窄带测量系统，在5～18 km的传播距离内对2.45 GHz无线电信号进行了测量和分析。测量结果表明，当传播距离增加时，传统双射线模型的预测能力变差，修正模型比传统模型更符合实测数据；三射线模型的预测性能取决于是否满足产生蒸发波导、收发机高度和传播距离的条件；海上信道的小尺度衰落符合莱斯分布。
The existing maritime path loss model is known to exhibit unstable performance in the actual radio propagation prediction process. In light of this, a modified two-ray model has been proposed which introduces the shadow fading factor. However, this model does not take evaporating waveguides on the sea surface into account. To validate the modified model and examine the characteristics of radio propagation at sea, a narrow-band measurement system was deployed in the Qiongzhou Strait region. The 2.45 GHz radio signals were then measured and analyzed over a distance of 5-18 km. The results of the measurements demonstrate that the predictive capacity of the conventional two-ray model declines as the propagation distance increases. In comparison, the modified model exhibits a greater degree of consistency with the measured data than the conventional model. The predictive performance of the three-ray model is contingent upon the fulfillment of specific conditions, including the generation of an evaporating waveguide, the altitude of the transceiver, and the propagation distance. Additionally, the small-scale fading observed in the maritime channel is found to align with the Rice distribution.
2025,47(18): 155-160 收稿日期：2024-10-14
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.18.025
分类号：TN98
基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（62101579）
作者简介：吴熙（1998 – ），男，硕士研究生，研究方向为信道建模
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