船舶机舱风机受多轴交变应力与循环塑性变形耦合作用，难以表征裂纹萌生与扩展阶段的跨尺度演化规律，导致疲劳寿命预测出现偏差。因此，提出船舶机舱风机动态振动疲劳寿命预测算法。通过功率谱密度矩法计算动态振动工况下零件应力峰值概率密度，表征非平稳载荷特征；采用改进累积损伤分析法，准确评估非线性累积损伤程度；融合哈达德小裂纹理论表征裂纹萌生阶段，结合沃克裂纹扩展公式描述裂纹扩展速率，建立裂纹演化模型，实现船舶机舱风机动态振动疲劳寿命预测。实验结果表明，该算法预测偏差能够稳定在1%以下，预测稳定性均高于98%，风险率评估结果均低于0.8%。
The fan in the ship engine room is subjected to the coupled effect of multi-axial alternating stress and cyclic plastic deformation, making it difficult to characterize the cross-scale evolution law during the crack initiation and propagation stages, resulting in deviations in fatigue life prediction. Therefore, an algorithm for predicting the dynamic vibration fatigue life of fans in ship engine rooms is proposed. The peak stress probability density of parts under dynamic vibration conditions is calculated by the power spectral density moment method to characterize the characteristics of non-stationary loads. The improved cumulative damage analysis method is adopted to accurately evaluate the degree of nonlinear cumulative damage. The Haddard small crack theory is integrated to characterize the crack initiation stage, combined with the Walker crack propagation formula to describe the crack propagation rate, and a crack evolution model is established to predict the dynamic vibration fatigue life of the ship engine room fan. The experimental results show that the prediction deviation of this algorithm can be stabilized below 1%, the prediction stability is all higher than 98%, and the risk rate assessment results are all lower than 0.8%.
2025,47(19): 145-149 收稿日期：2025-5-8
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.19.023
分类号：U664.1; TH113
基金项目：教育部产学合作协同育人项目（202102538045, 202102227037）
作者简介：孙浩然(2000-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为海上风电、舰船动力设备可靠性评估
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