针对水声干扰器集群对抗双基地声呐的实际效能及编队队形问题，提出一种基于双基地声呐测量精度、检测与虚警概率，以及信号能量等多因子约束下的综合效能评估方法。首先，基于船载水声干扰器集群对抗双基地声呐应用场景，构建水声干扰器和双基地声呐模型。然后，结合双基地声呐的克拉美罗下界细化声呐模型参数，以3个水声干扰器为例，构建集群水声对抗模型。最后，按照不同队形进行集群对抗效能分析，开展仿真测试及试验。仿真结果表明，3个水声干扰器可使双基地声呐的有效覆盖面积缩小72.40%，一字横队比V字队形具有更好的远距离干扰效果。湖上试验结果证明，水声干扰器谱级高于噪声模拟器约10 dB，可将声呐检测概率减小至0.05以下。
A comprehensive performance evaluation method based on multiple factors such as measurement accuracy, detection and false alarm probability, and signal energy is proposed to address the practical effectiveness and formation issues of a cluster of underwater acoustic jammers against bi-static sonar. Firstly, based on the application scenario of shipborne acoustic disruptor clusters against bi-static sonar, a model of acoustic disruptor and bi-static sonar is constructed. Then, combined with the Cramer lower bound of the bi-static sonar, the sonar model parameters are refined, and a cluster acoustic countermeasure model is constructed using three acoustic jammers as examples. Finally, analyze the effectiveness of cluster confrontation according to different formations, conduct simulation tests and experiments. The simulation results show that three underwater acoustic jammers can reduce the effective coverage area of the bi-static sonar by 72.40%, and a single horizontal formation has better long-range interference effect than a V-shaped formation. The experimental results on the lake have shown that the spectral level of the underwater acoustic jammer is about 10dB higher than that of the noise simulator, which can reduce the sonar detection probability to below 0.05.
2025,47(21): 127-135 收稿日期：2025-2-19
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.21.021
分类号：U666.7
作者简介：张庆国(1981-),男,高级工程师,研究方向为水声信号处理
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