基于简正波方法构建了浅海环境下组合声源的声传播模型，通过数值仿真对组合声源与点源在不同频率下的传递函数进行比较分析。接下来对该模型的准确性进行验证，并对浅海环境中组合声源在不同海底参数、不同声源布放方式以及不同声速剖面下的声传播特性进行研究。仿真结果表明，随着频率的升高，组合声源相对于单一声源的声传播损失明显降低，且声场差异较大。在近距离，2种声场相似度较差，随着距离的增加，2种声场相似度也在增加，且不同的声源布放方式（声源间距，声源深度）在浅海环境中也显著影响组合声源的声传播效果。可为水声探测、海底通信以及海洋监测等应用提供参考。
A sound propagation model for combined sources in shallow water was developed based on the normal mode method. Numerical simulations were conducted to compare the transfer functions of combined sources and point sources at different frequencies. The model's accuracy was validated, with a study on acoustic propagation of combined sources in shallow water, examining variations in seabed parameters, deployment configurations, and sound velocity profiles. Simulation results show that, with increasing frequency, the propagation loss of combined sources is significantly reduced compared to single sources, with notable differences in the sound field. At short distances, the similarity between the two sound fields is low, but it increases with distance. Additionally, different deployment methods (source spacing, source depth) significantly affect the propagation performance of combined sources in shallow water. These findings provide important insights for underwater acoustics detection, seabed communication, and ocean monitoring applications.
2025,47(21): 136-142 收稿日期：2025-2-14
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.21.022
分类号：U66；TB561
作者简介：张淞南(2000-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为组合声源声传播特性
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