为精准预测舰船船体结构在随机载荷下的疲劳寿命，及时发现疲劳损伤隐患以保障舰船航行安全，本文进行舰船船体结构随机载荷下的多尺度疲劳寿命预测研究。在宏观与微观尺度下，该模型通过临界平面法计算船体结构临界平面上的宏观最大法向正应力，结合随机载荷路径非比例度因子与船体结构材料非比例系数确定微观损伤因子。综合二者构建多尺度疲劳寿命预测数学模型，实现多尺度疲劳寿命预测。实验证明：该模型可有效计算宏观最大法向正应力，预测不同船体结构的疲劳寿命；在满载和压载工况下，该模型疲劳寿命预测的误差均在±5%以内，可全面描述船体结构疲劳损伤演化过程，为舰船船体结构疲劳寿命预测提供了有效方法。
In order to accurately predict the fatigue life of ship hull structures under random loads, timely detect potential fatigue damage hazards, and ensure the safety of ship navigation, this paper conducts research on multi-scale fatigue life prediction of ship hull structures under random loads. At both macroscopic and microscopic scales, this model calculates the macroscopic maximum normal stress on the critical plane of the ship structure using the critical plane method, and determines the microscopic damage factor by combining the non proportionality factor of the random load path with the non proportionality coefficient of the ship structure material. Construct a multi-scale fatigue life prediction mathematical model by integrating the two, and achieve multi-scale fatigue life prediction. Experimental results have shown that this model can effectively calculate the macroscopic maximum normal stress and predict the fatigue life of different ship structures; Under both full load and ballast conditions, the fatigue life prediction error of the model is within ± 5%, which can comprehensively describe the evolution process of fatigue damage in ship structures and provide an effective method for predicting the fatigue life of ship structures.
2025,47(21): 178-182 收稿日期：2025-5-4
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.21.029
分类号：U661.4
作者简介：杨信超(1981-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为应用数学
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