为了探究气液两相条件下流型对离心泵出口压力脉动的影响规律，搭建离心泵气液两相流试验台，对比转速ns=78的离心泵进行了可视化试验，获得不同进口气体体积分数IGVF（Inlet Gas Volume Fraction）、不同清水流量下，模型泵的能量特性、出口压力脉动信号以及气液两相流型。研究结果表明，额定流量时，进口气体体积分数的增加导致模型泵内气泡的聚集和流型的演变，从泡状流逐步过渡到分离流；同时模型泵出口压力脉动呈现增强的趋势，叶轮转动频率（Axis Passing Frequency，APF）对应的压力脉动系数从IGVF=0.3%下的0.0033上升至IGVF=4.5%下的0.0074。IGVF=1.7%工况下，流量的增加使得气泡分布逐渐分散，流型由气囊流变为凝聚气泡流，泵出口压力脉动逐渐减弱，流动稳定性得到改善。在泡状流和凝聚气泡流阶段，泵的能量特性曲线斜率保持稳定，泵出口压力脉动的主频为叶片通过频率（Blade Passing Frequency，BPF）；而在气囊流和分离流状态下，能量特性曲线斜率显著增加，主频转变为APF。结果可为离心泵运行状态的监测提供依据。
A two-phase flow test platform for centrifugal pump was constructed to explore the influence regularity of the flow pattern on the pressure pulsation characteristics under gas-liquid two-phase condition. Visualization experiments were carried out on a centrifugal pump with a specific speed of ns=78. The energy characteristics, pressure pulsation signals and flow patterns of the model pump were obtained under different IGVFs and flow rates. The research results indicate that at the rated flow rate, with the increase of IGVF, the dispersed bubbles gradually gather and the flow pattern gradually changes from bubble flow to segregated flow. At the same time, the outlet pressure pulsation of the model pump shows an aggravating trend. The pressure pulsation coefficient corresponding to APF rises from 0.0033 when IGVF is 0.3% to 0.0074 when IGVF is 4.5%. When IGVF is 1.7%, with the increase of flow rate, the gathered bubbles gradually disperse and the flow pattern gradually changes from gas pocket flow to agglomerated bubble flow. At the same time, the outlet pressure pulsation of the pump gradually weakens, and the flow stability is improved. In the stage of bubble flow and agglomerated bubble flow, the slope of the pump energy characteristic curve remains stable, and the main frequency of the pump outlet pressure pulsation is BPF; while in the stage of gas pocket flow and segregated flow, the slope of the pump energy characteristic curve increases significantly, and the main frequency of the pump outlet pressure pulsation changes to APF. The results can be used as important bases for flow state monitoring.
2025,47(22): 61-67 收稿日期：2025-2-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.22.009
分类号：U664.5+8；TH311
基金项目：南通市社会民生科技计划课题（MSZ2023001）
作者简介：陆虎（1974 – ），男，教授，研究方向为轮机工程技术
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