针对水下航行器外壳上开口的声隐蔽性问题，采用基于有限元的声固耦合求解模型结合点声源激励策略，获取水下弹性开口空腔声模态频率的数值仿真方法。以典型空腔为验证模型，分析其水下声场特性，以测点声压级峰值频率表征空腔声模态频率，将声模态频率仿真解与理论解进行对比，结果表明，刚性封闭矩形空腔前十阶声模态频率最大相对误差为0.12%，不同弹性底板厚度的Helmholtz共振器一阶声模态频率最大相对误差为1.81%，验证了基于有限元的声固耦合求解模型结合点声源激励，可作为水下弹性开口空腔声模态频率的数值预报方法。以某水下弹性开口空腔为对象，采用声固耦合有限元数值计算模型，分析仿真计算参数的收敛性，预报得到水下弹性开口空腔声模态频率。
To address the acoustic concealment issue of openings on the outer shell of underwater vehicles, the numerical simulation method of acoustic modal frequency of underwater elastic opening cavity is obtained by using the finite element-based acoustic-solid coupling solution model combined with the point source excitation strategy, the typical cavity is used as the verification model to analyze the characteristics of the underwater sound field. The peak frequency of the sound pressure level of the measuring point is used to characterize the acoustic mode frequency of the cavity, and the simulation solution of the acoustic mode frequency is compared with the theoretical solution. The results show that the maximum relative error of the first ten-order acoustic mode frequency of the rigid closed rectangular cavity is 0.12%, and the maximum relative error of the first-order acoustic mode frequency of the Helmholtz resonator with different elastic floor thickness is 1.81%. It is verified that the acoustic-solid coupling solution model based on finite element combined with point sound source excitation can be used as a numerical prediction method for the acoustic mode frequency of the underwater elastic open cavity. Taking an underwater elastic opening cavity as the object, the convergence of the simulation parameters is analyzed by using the acoustic-solid coupling finite element numerical calculation model, and the acoustic modal frequency of the underwater elastic opening cavity is predicted.
2025,47(23): 78-84 收稿日期：2025-3-10
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.23.012
分类号：U674
作者简介：徐飘(1999-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为水下结构噪声
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