为研究液舱受不同自由度方向激励下的晃荡行为，以矩形液舱为研究对象，开展了横波和法拉第纵波激励下的晃荡研究。为此建立了基于计算流体力学的数值模型，依次分析了液舱在围绕一阶共振的系列横波激励及3种不稳定模式的纵波频率下波面幅值与舱壁压强的变化特点，并进行时–频域的综合分析。结果显示，随着横波激励接近晃荡中心，非线性作用愈加显著，压力频谱向低阶自耦区转移并参与更多非线性效应。而对于纵波激励，液舱对谐波和超谐波激励不敏感，在法拉第次谐波激励下，液舱随时间累积产生强烈晃荡，并激发出一阶模态的主参数晃荡。在主参数晃荡的影响下，二阶压力频谱在自耦合区表现出强烈的非线性特征，并叠加生成了四阶频的成分。
To investigate the sloshing behavior of liquid tanks under excitations in different degrees of freedom, a rectangular liquid tank was selected as the research object, and sloshing under transverse wave and Faraday longitudinal wave excitations was studied. A numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was established to analyze the variations in free surface amplitude and wall pressure under a series of transverse wave excitations near the first-order resonance and three unstable modes of longitudinal wave frequencies. A comprehensive time-frequency-frequency domain analysis was conducted.The results indicate that as the transverse wave excitation approaches the sloshing center, nonlinear effects become more pronounced, leading to a shift of the pressure spectrum toward the lower-order self-coupling region, engaging more nonlinear interactions. For longitudinal wave excitation, the liquid tank exhibits insensitivity to harmonic and superharmonic excitations, while under Faraday subharmonic excitation, intense sloshing accumulates over time, exciting the first-mode parametric sloshing. Under the influence of parametric sloshing, the second-order pressure spectrum exhibits strong nonlinear characteristics in the self-coupling region, with the additional generation of fourth-order frequency components.
2026,48(1): 19-26 收稿日期：2025-3-4
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.01.003
分类号：U663.8
基金项目：江苏省科技成果转化专项资金咨助项目（BA2022014）
作者简介：谭志荣(1978-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为载运工具运用工程
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