船舶综合电力系统含有多类异构发电单元，在航行速度波动下易引发功率振荡、频率崩溃及能效退化问题，使得船舶电力系统低频减载综合切负荷量难以评估，缺乏应对航行速度波动下负荷变化的能力，导致船舶电力系统能效较高。为此，提出考虑航行速度的船舶电力系统负荷优化分配方法。利用层次分析法，考虑航速影响动态评估负荷重要性，计算船舶电力系统低频减载过程中的负荷切除因子，量化切负荷代价。考虑航行速度，通过航段离散与积分方法，计算船舶能效指数。以最小化低频减载综合切负荷量与船舶能效指数为目标函数，以机组出力、功率平衡及航速为约束，实现对发电机组功率与负荷切除量的协同优化分配。实验证明：所提方法在30%功率缺额下可将系统最大低频减载代价从350 W降至200 W，EEXI从34降至20，显著增强了系统的鲁棒性与运行经济性。
The integrated power system of ships, which comprises heterogeneous generation units, is prone to power oscillations, frequency instability, and energy efficiency degradation under fluctuating sailing speeds. These challenges complicate the assessment of under-frequency load shedding (UFLS) costs and undermine the system's adaptability, ultimately leading to high energy consumption. To address this, a novel load optimization method considering sailing speed is proposed. This method dynamically evaluates load priority using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to quantify the load shedding cost during UFLS events. Furthermore, it calculates a dynamic Ship Energy Efficiency Index (EEXI) by discretizing the voyage and integrating emissions. A dual-objective optimization model is established to simultaneously minimize both the comprehensive UFLS cost and the EEXI, subject to constraints including unit output and power balance. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can reduce the maximum UFLS cost from 350W to 200W and the EEXI from 34 to 20 under a 30% power deficit, significantly enhancing the system's robustness and operational economy.
2026,48(2): 89-93 收稿日期：2025-9-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.02.015
分类号：U665.1；TM731
作者简介：王红涛(1985-),男,硕士,讲师,研究方向为轮机工程
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