针对新能源船舶多工况运行环境下，永磁同步推进电机因负载和输出电流突变引发船舶电网波动的问题，提出一种改进双环滑模复合控制器。首先，设计一种新型自适应趋近律，并结合改进的传统滑模面，构建出新型自适应滑模转速控制器；其次，对超螺旋滑模电流控制器进行优化，提升电流品质；最后，引入滑模负载转矩观测器，实时估算负载转矩扰动，并将其前馈补偿至电流环控制中。仿真结果表明，该复合控制器能够实现对电机的高精度控制，在不同工况下有效保障船舶电网的稳定性。
An improved dual-loop sliding mode composite controller is proposed to address the fluctuations in power grid caused by sudden changes in load and output current of permanent magnet synchronous propulsion motors under various operating conditions of new energy ships. Firstly, a novel adaptive approach law is designed and integrated with an enhanced traditional sliding surface to construct a new adaptive sliding mode speed controller. Secondly, the super-twisting algorithm current controller is optimized to improve current quality. Finally, a sliding mode load torque observer is introduced to estimate the load torque disturbance in real time and to provide feedforward compensation to the current loop control. The simulation results indicate that the composite controller achieves high-precision control of the motor and effectively maintains the stability of the ship's power grid across different working conditions.
2026,48(3): 75-80 收稿日期：2025-5-30
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.03.012
分类号：U665.1
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（52271279）
作者简介：殷钰(2001-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为船舶综合控制技术
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