LNG船舶作为低温能源运输的核心装备，其殷瓦钢焊接接头在-162℃超低温、LNG介质与海洋环境耦合作用下易发生腐蚀失效，严重威胁船舶运行安全。本文围绕殷瓦钢焊接接头腐蚀问题展开系统研究，重点分析焊接接头微观结构与腐蚀敏感性的关联机制，探究超低温环境下殷瓦钢焊接材料的腐蚀动力学规律，包括温度对电极反应的影响、腐蚀产物膜的形成与失效机制及腐蚀速率的时间依赖性。基于腐蚀动力学理论与断裂力学，构建了低温腐蚀速率预测模型和应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）裂纹扩展模型，并通过实验验证了模型的有效性。研究成果为LNG船舶殷瓦钢焊接工艺优化、腐蚀防护设计及服役寿命评估提供了理论支撑与技术参考。
As the core equipment for low-temperature energy transportation, the Invar steel welded joints of LNG ships are prone to corrosion failure under the coupling effect of ultra-low temperature (–162℃), LNG medium and marine environment, which poses a serious threat to the operational safety of ships. This study conducted a systematic investigation focusing on the corrosion issue of Invar steel welded joints. It primarily analyzed the correlation mechanism between the microstructure of welded joints and corrosion sensitivity, and explored the corrosion kinetic laws of Invar steel welding materials in ultra-low temperature environments, including the influence of temperature on electrode reactions, the formation and failure mechanism of corrosion product films, and the time dependence of corrosion rate. Based on corrosion kinetics theory and fracture mechanics, a low-temperature corrosion rate prediction model and a stress corrosion cracking (SCC) crack growth model were established, and the validity of the models was verified through experiments. The research results provide theoretical support and technical reference for the optimization of welding processes, corrosion protection design and service life evaluation of Invar steel in LNG ships.
2026,48(3): 176-180 收稿日期：2025-8-11
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.03.027
分类号：U668.2；TG172.3
基金项目：湖北省教育厅课题（B2024442）
作者简介：杨金(1984-),女,硕士,副教授,研究方向为船舶焊接工艺
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