由于设备与安装基础之间弹性或者刚性连接，设备惯性力的动力反作用会改变安装基础处的冲击谱，尤其是设备安装频率处的谱值，通常把这个变化叫谱跌现象。对于水面舰船双层底内底上安装的设备，双层底结构比甲板结构刚度大，安装于双层底部位的设备的谱跌效应与甲板部位的谱跌效应是否有相同规律需要开展进一步研究。本文以典型双层底结构和弹性安装设备为研究对象，分析设备质量、安装频率等因素对设备基础冲击环境的影响规律，数值计算和理论推导结果表明，对于双层底内底弹性安装设备，安装频率不变，设计谱速度与设备质量反相关；当设备质量超过20 t时，随着设备的安装频率增大，谱速度显著减小。最后基于设备质量和安装频率对设备冲击环境的影响，拟合得到适用于水面舰船双层底内底弹性安装设备冲击环境的计算公式，经数值计算验证其预报精度较好。
Due to the elastic or rigid connections between equipment and its installation foundation, the dynamic reaction of the inertial forces from the equipment alters the shock spectrum at the installation foundation, particularly the spectral value at the equipment’s installation frequency. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as the "spectral dip." For equipment elastically mounted on the inner bottom of a double-bottom structure in surface ships, where the double-bottom structure exhibits greater stiffness compared to deck structures, it remains uncertain whether the spectral dip effect for equipment installed on the double-bottom follows the same pattern as that on decks. This necessitates further investigation. This paper focuses on typical double-bottom structures and elastically installed equipment to analyze the influence of factors such as equipment mass and installation frequency on the shock environment at the equipment foundation. Numerical calculations and theoretical derivations reveal that for elastically mounted equipment on the inner bottom of a double-bottom structure, when the installation frequency remains constant, the designed spectral velocity is inversely correlated with equipment mass. Moreover, when the equipment mass exceeds 20, the spectral velocity decreases significantly as the installation frequency increases. Finally, based on the impact of equipment mass and installation frequency on the shock environment, a calculation formula applicable to predicting the shock environment for elastically installed equipment on the inner bottom of surface ship double-bottom structures is developed. Validation through numerical results demonstrates that the formula exhibits satisfactory prediction accuracy.
2026,48(4): 19-26 收稿日期：2025-4-7
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.04.004
分类号：U661.4
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（12202277）
作者简介：陈攀(1989-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为舰船抗冲击
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