采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法，对某型舰艇集控舱的2种送风模式进行了系统的数值模拟与对比分析。通过耦合RNG k-ε湍流模型与改进型传质控制方程，综合评估了双管道送风与集中送风2种方案下的环境参数分布特性。数值结果表明，双管道送风模式可显著改善人员活动区域的空气质量，将颗粒物滞留时间控制在1400 s以内，挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）在呼吸面高度处的浓度降低至0.0006%；该模式还能维持工作区温度于25～28℃之间，预测平均投票（PMV）指数稳定在0～+0.3范围内。此外，其在运行过程中的瞬时能耗低于集中送风模式，表现出更优的能源经济性。相比下，集中送风虽可一定程度上优化颗粒物的空间分布，但导致颗粒物滞留时间延长至4400 s，工作区温度上升3～5℃，PMV值提高约0.3，热舒适性有所下降。本研究可为舰艇舱室环境控制系统的优化设计提供理论依据与工程参考。
A comparative analysis of two air supply modes for the centralized control cabin of a certain type of naval vessel was conducted using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). By coupling the RNG k-ε turbulence model with an improved mass transfer equation, the environmental characteristics under dual-duct and centralized air supply modes were systematically investigated. Numerical simulation results indicate that the dual-duct supply mode effectively reduces the residence time of particulate matter in the occupant activity zone to 1400 s and lowers the VOC concentration at the breathing plane to 0.0006%. Meanwhile, it maintains a temperature of 25～28 °C and a PMV value between 0 and +0.3 in the working area, meeting international thermal comfort standards, while also proving more energy-efficient in terms of instantaneous power consumption compared to the centralized supply mode. In contrast, although the centralized supply mode can optimize the distribution of particulate matter, it prolongs the residence time to 4400 s, increases the temperature in the working area by 3～5 °C, and raises the PMV value by 0.3. The research findings provide an important reference for the design of environmental control systems in naval vessel cabins.
2026,48(7): 29-35 收稿日期：2025-7-14
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.07.006
分类号：U674.7；TU834.3
基金项目：山西省回国留学人员科研教研资助项目（2024-111）
作者简介：刘泽鹏(2000-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为气流组织与环境控制
参考文献：
[1] ZHANG T, CHEN Q, LIN C H. Experimental and numerical investigation of airflow and contaminant transport in an office space with different ventilation systems[J]. Building and Environment, 2007, 42(10): 3491-3500
[2] CHEONG K W D, DJUNAEDY E, CHUA Y L, et al. Thermal comfort study of an air-conditioned lecture theatre in the tropics[J]. Building and Environment, 2003, 38(1): 63-73
[3] 李强, 张伟, 王磊. 舰船舱室气流组织特性实验研究[J]. 船舶工程, 2018, 40(5): 89-93 LI Q, ZHANG W, WANG L. Experimental study on airflow organization characteristics in ship cabins[J]. Ship Engineering, 2018, 40(5): 89-93
[4] 王磊, 李强, 张伟. 基于CFD的舰船舱室颗粒物扩散模拟分析[J]. 环境工程学报, 2019, 13(4): 876-882 WANG L, LI Q, ZANG W. CFD-based simulation analysis of particulate matter diffusion in ship cabins[J]. Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2019, 13(4): 876-882
[5] 王福军. 计算流体动力学分析-CFD软件原理与应用[M]. 北京: 清华大学出版社, 2004.
[6] 陶文铨. 数值传热学（第二版）[M]. 西安: 西安交通大学出版社, 2001.
[7] 肖维, 吕罗庚, 付眸, 等. CFD软件可信度评估平台研制与应用[J]. 空气动 力 学学报, 2024, 42(10): 60-68 XIAO W, LV L G, FU M, et al. Development and application of CFD software credibility evaluation platform[J]. Acta Aerodynamica Sinica, 2024, 42(10): 60-68
[8] SMITH J D, JONES A B. Thermal management in data centers: a review of ASHRAE guidelines and best practices[J]. Journal of Thermal Science and Engineering Applications, 2022, 14(2): 1-15
[9] YANG X, LIU Q, MA Y, et al. Molecular dynamics study on the kinematic viscosity, density and structure of fuel blends containing n-decane and biofuel compound of ethyl decanoate or ethyl dodecanoate[J]. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 2023, 379: 121680
[10] 徐庆林, 王向军, 张建春, 等. 温度对舰船阴极保护和腐蚀静电 场的影响[J]. 国防科技大学学报, 2019, 41(4): 182-189 XU Q L, WANG X J, ZHANG J C, et al. Influence of temperature on cathodic protection and corrosion electrostatic field of ships[J]. Journal of National University of Defense Technology, 2019, 41(4): 182-189
[11] FANGER P O. Thermal comfort: analysis and applications in environmental engineering[M]. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1970.
[12] 亓海青, 李志印, 周立华. 居住舱室空气环境舒适性数值分析[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2018, 13(4): 93-98 QI H Q, LI Z Y, ZHOU L H. Numerical analysis of air environment comfort in living cabins[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2018, 13(4): 93-98
