传统液舱监测模式存在干扰大、数据精度低、人工工作量大等不足，难以满足智能船舶的实时监测需求。本文设计了基于无线传感器网络（Wire-less Sensor Network，WSN）的船舶液舱监测系统，明确了系统的监测参数与性能要求，构建了感知层、网络层、应用层3层架构。针对船舶液舱强电磁干扰、动态摇摆的复杂工况，提出了基于自适应功率调节的WSN抗干扰组网方法和加入摇摆干扰补偿因子的改进卡尔曼滤波算法。进一步的仿真测试结果表明，该系统可实现液舱液位、温度等核心参数的可靠监测，组网通信成功率保持在94.9%～98.9%，改进算法滤波误差控制在0.02 m以内，为船舶液舱安全运维提供技术支撑。
The traditional liquid tank monitoring mode has problems such as strong interference, low data accuracy, and heavy manual workload, which is difficult to meet the real-time monitoring requirements of intelligent ships. A ship liquid tank monitoring system based on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is designed. The monitoring parameters and performance requirements of the system are clarified, and a three-layer architecture consisting of a perception layer, a network layer, and an application layer is constructed. Aiming at the complex working conditions of strong electromagnetic interference and dynamic rolling of ship liquid tanks, a WSN anti-interference networking method based on adaptive power adjustment and an improved Kalman filtering algorithm with a rolling interference compensation factor are proposed. Further simulation test results show that the system can realize reliable monitoring of core parameters such as liquid tank level and temperature, the networking communication success rate is maintained between 94.9% and 98.9%, and the filtering error of the improved algorithm is controlled within 0.02 m, which provides technical support for the safe operation and maintenance of ship liquid tanks.
2026,48(7): 49-52 收稿日期：2025-10-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.07.009
分类号：U664.83；TP212.9
作者简介：丛艳平(1973-),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为物联网、水下无线传感器网络、大数据分析及人工智能
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