金属橡胶减震器在船舶工业领域有着广泛的应用，而其动力学的测试方法与手段却长期得不到有效的规范与发展。针对这一现状，选用323型金属橡胶减振器为研究对象，采用万能试验机、配合专用工装进行试验，测定金属橡胶减振器固有频率和回滞曲线，进而推算金属橡胶减振器的动刚度和阻尼比；该方法测得的323型金属橡胶减振器的固有频率范围为18～22 Hz，阻尼比介于7%～8.09%，经仿真计算，金属橡胶减振器在低频段隔振量约为4 dB，在高频端隔振量约为22 dB。该测试方法的建立与其仿真结果的数据支持为后续设计开发船舶工艺领域的新型高水平金属橡胶减振器提供了宝贵的经验参考与理论指导。
The metal rubber shock absorber has been widely applied in the shipbuilding industry. However, its dynamic testing methods and techniques have long lacked effective standardization and development. In response to this situation, the 323-type metal rubber shock absorber was selected as the research object. Using a universal testing machine and specialized fixtures, the inherent frequency and hysteresis curve of the metal rubber shock absorber were measured. The dynamic stiffness and damping ratio of the metal rubber shock absorber were then calculated. The results showed that the inherent frequency of the 323-type metal rubber shock absorber ranged from 18 Hz to 22 Hz, and the damping ratio was between 7% and 8.09%. Simulation calculations indicated that the vibration isolation at low frequencies was approximately 4 dB, and at high frequencies, it was about 22 dB. The establishment of this testing method and the supporting simulation results provide valuable experience and theoretical guidance for the future design and development of new, high-performance metal rubber shock absorbers in the shipbuilding process.
2026,48(7): 84-89 收稿日期：2025-7-22
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.07.014
分类号：U661.44
作者简介：冀志轩(1987-),男,工程师,研究方向为船舶减隔震技术
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