为了促进国际海事组织关于温室气体减排的规范要求，本文针对船舶应用氨燃料方案，以规范规则为限制条件，以船舶营运方最大经济性为目标，对一艘18万吨散货船应用氨燃料作为推进燃料进行研究，通过对于氨燃料系统3种不同布置的对比，找到满足船东需求的最优方案，并总结出一套方案评估体系。对船舶能效进行评估，当采用氨燃料时，能效设计指数EEDI达到基线以下约95.1%；而碳强度指数CII，则给出2套不同的燃料配比方案，均能满足全生命周期内的温室气体排放要求。同时对于氨燃料对船舶安全性中稳性安全和结构安全进行了深入评估，对比常规燃油方案和氨燃料方案，对于船舶典型装载工况初稳性的变化低于5%；对于结构总纵强度，弯矩的变化超过30%，更加恶劣，剪力变化则低于5%。
To promote the International Maritime Organization's regulatory requirements for greenhouse gas emission reduction, this paper focuses on the application of ammonia fuel for ships. Under the constraints of regulatory rules and aiming for the maximum economic benefit for ship operators, a study was conducted on an ammonia-powered 180,000DWT bulk carrier. By comparing three different arrangements of the ammonia fuel system, the optimal solution that meets the shipowner's requirements was identified, and a set of solution evaluation systems was summarized. The assessment of ship energy efficiency showed that when applying ammonia fuel system, the Energy Efficiency Design Index (EEDI) reached approximately 95.1% below the baseline. For the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII), two different fuel blending schemes were proposed, both of which could meet the greenhouse gas emission requirements throughout the lifecycle. Additionally, a thorough evaluation of the impact of ammonia fuel on ship safety, including stability and structural safety, was conducted. Compared to conventional fuel oil proposal, the change in initial stability for typical loading conditions of the ship was less than 5% when applying ammonia fuel system. For the hull girder strength of the structure, the change in bending moment exceeded 30% which is even worse, while the change in shear force was less than 5%.
2026,48(7): 142-148 收稿日期：2025-5-26
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.07.023
分类号：U662
作者简介：陈继峰(1979-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为船舶总体设计
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