为探究数值模拟方法对水下分层流场中不同动量源生成大尺度涡演化的异同。本文基于分层流中的射流演化对照实验，在验证可实现分层流体环境模拟的温度异重流模型下，对圆管射流和E1619标模螺旋桨分别采用层流模型和（Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation，DDES）湍流模型开展数值模拟研究。通过射流动量对分层流尾迹演化模拟与实验相比，可知在涡演化特征结构形成、涡量分布、速度衰减等方面结果高度吻合；同动量下螺旋桨动量源尾流较射流更早形成特征涡结构，且横向分布范围更大，涡量更小。温度异重流方法对线性分层流体的模拟结果与实验吻合较好，满足不同分层情况、不同动量源分层流体中尾迹演化特征模拟要求。
This study investigates the similarities and differences in the evolution of large-scale vortices generated by different momentum sources in stratified underwater flow fields using numerical simulation methods. Based on comparative experiments of jet evolution in stratified flows, numerical simulations were performed for circular tube jets and an E1619 standard model propeller using laminar and Delayed Detached Eddy Simulation (DDES) turbulence models, respectively, under a validated thermal gravity current model capable of simulating stratified fluid environments. The simulation results of jet momentum for stratified wake evolution showed high consistency with experimental data in terms of vortex structure formation, vorticity distribution, and velocity attenuation. Under identical momentum conditions, the wake generated by the propeller momentum source developed characteristic vortex structures earlier than the jet wake, exhibiting a larger lateral distribution range and lower vorticity. The thermal gravity current method demonstrated good agreement with experiments in simulating linearly stratified fluids, effectively meeting the requirements for simulating wake evolution characteristics in stratified fluids under various stratification conditions and with different momentum sources.
2026,48(8): 29-35 收稿日期：2025-8-18
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.08.005
分类号：U661.1
基金项目：第78批中国博士后科学基金面上项目（2025M781790）
作者简介：杨国庆(2001-),男,硕士,研究方向为船舶水动力学
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