本文基于RANS方法和Schnerr-Sauer 空化模型对4个不同定子预旋角度的泵喷推进器进行数值模拟，通过对VP1304标模桨的空化数值模拟计算，误差不超过3%，验证了此数值模拟方法的可靠性，继而分析4种预旋角度对应的4款泵喷推进器分别对敞水和空化及压力脉动特性产生的影响。结果表明，泵喷推进器推力系数、转子扭矩系数及敞水效率均随定子预旋角度增大而增大，推力系数最大值与最小值相差13.66%，尤其在高进速系数条件下，敞水效率最大差值为10.27%；空化区域主要集中在叶梢与叶背表面处，随着定子预旋角度增加，叶梢空化与叶背处片状空化体积明显增加；泵喷推进器压力脉动周期与转子旋转周期一致，在同一监测点，压力脉动幅值越大，空化现象就越为严重。
In this paper, based on the RANS method and the Schnerr-Sauer cavitation model, the numerical simulation of four pump-jet propellers with different stator pre-swirl angles is carried out. Through the numerical simulation of the cavitation of the VP1304 standard model propeller, the error does not exceed 3%, which verifies the reliability of the numerical simulation method. The effects of four pump-jet thrusters on the characteristics of open water, cavitation and pressure pulsation were analyzed. The results show that the thrust coefficient, rotor torque coefficient and open water efficiency of the pump-jet thruster increase with the increase of the stator pre-swirl angle. The difference between the maximum and minimum thrust coefficient is 13.66 %. Especially under the condition of high advance coefficient, the maximum difference of open water efficiency is 10.27 %. The cavitation area is mainly concentrated on the surface of the tip and the back of the blade. With the increase of the stator pre-swirl angle, the volume of tip cavitation and sheet cavitation at the back of the blade increases obviously. The pressure pulsation period of the pump-jet thruster is consistent with the rotation period of the rotor. At the same monitoring point, compared with the four pump-jet thrusters, the larger the pressure pulsation amplitude, the more serious the cavitation phenomenon.
2026,48(8): 90-97 收稿日期：2025-7-25
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.08.014
分类号：U664.34
基金项目：国家重点研发计划子课题资助项目（2020YFC1521704）；天津市科技计划资助项目（22YDTPJC00470）
作者简介：丁一航(2001-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为水下推进器设计
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