针对某船反映的艉部异常噪声问题，开展了振动噪声测试。通过数据处理与分析获取了故障特征，依据这些特征诊断螺旋桨存在的唱音问题，螺旋桨检查结果及换桨后测试数据均证实先前诊断。基于该诊断实例，总结螺旋桨主要唱音故障特征，并对相关特征机理进行分析，最后围绕唱音故障特征提取论述测试分析要点。在实例中，除频率自锁外，还发现了以往唱音研究中未被重视的时频特征。考虑到该例不同于常见转舵试验法，相关分析方法和结论可作为类似故障诊断参考。
Abnormal stern noise of a ship was reported by a ship, and vibration and noise monitoring was conducted to analyze the phenomena. After data processing and analysis, the fault characteristics were extracted. Based on the characteristics, the ship was considered to have the problem of propeller singing. The inspection of the fault propeller and the test data after changing the propeller confirmed the previous diagnosis. Subsequently, the fault characteristics of propeller singing were summarized and the characteristic mechanisms were analyzed. Finally, the key points of test analysis were discussed on the fault characteristics extraction of propeller singing. In this case, besides frequency lock-in, the time-frequency characteristics were also discovered, which have been neglected in the previous research of propeller singing. Considering the differences from the common method of rudder turning test, the analytical methods and conclusions described in the case can serve as a reference for diagnosing similar faults.
2025,47(20): 63-69 收稿日期：2024-12-31
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.20.010
分类号：U664.33
作者简介：吴善跃(1976-),男,博士,高级工程师,研究方向为船舶振动噪声控制与故障诊断
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