舰船轻量化发展对船用铝合金板材的成型质量与性能适配性提出更高要求，本研究首先梳理冷压成型、热压成型、液压成型三类船用铝合金板材主流成型技术，开展实验设计，选取5083与6082这2种典型船用铝合金板材，围绕舰船服役核心需求，基于层次分析法构建涵盖力学性能、耐蚀性能、成型精度、微观组织的多维度性能评价体系，并构建综合评价指数（CEI），将标准化指标与权重结合实现多维度性能的综合量化评估，对比不同成型工艺下2种合金板材的综合性能表现，为船用铝合金板材成型工艺选型提供理论支撑与方法参考。
The development of ship lightweighting has put forward higher requirements for the forming quality and performance compatibility of marine aluminum alloy sheets.This study first sorts out three mainstream forming technologies for marine aluminum alloy sheets, namely cold press forming, hot press forming, and hydraulic forming. Subsequently, an experimental design was carried out, and two typical marine aluminum alloy sheets (5083 and 6082) were selected, with a focus on the core service requirements of ships.Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), a multi-dimensional performance evaluation system was constructed, covering mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, forming accuracy, and microstructure. Meanwhile, a comprehensive evaluation index (CEI) was established. By integrating standardized indicators with their respective weights, a comprehensive quantitative assessment of multi-dimensional performance was realized. The comprehensive performance of the two alloy sheets under different forming processes was compared. This study provides theoretical support and methodological reference for the selection of forming processes for marine aluminum alloy sheets.
2025,47(20): 119-122 收稿日期：2025-9-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2025.20.018
分类号：U668.2
基金项目：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目
作者简介：方双莲(1984-),女,讲师,研究方向为材料成型及控制工程
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