随着航天技术的进步，火箭的运载能力和吨位持续提升，为满足海上热发射大吨位火箭的需求，研究设计了一种模块化海上火箭发射平台。平台采用混凝土材料，以抵抗火箭发动机产生的高温和恶劣环境条件。基于三维非线性势流理论，利用Ansys-AQWA软件建立了发射平台的数值模型，并分析了其在火箭发射过程中的运动响应特征。重点分析了火箭发射波浪相位、推力响应时间、平台吃水深度以及火箭推力大小对平台垂荡运动响应的影响。结果表明，合理选择发射时机和优化推力响应时间能够显著提高平台的稳定性。多模块平台在高推力下更稳定，适合超大型火箭发射，而单模块平台适合中小型火箭。本文对未来海上火箭发射平台的设计与优化具有积极的指导价值。
With the advancement of space technology, the carrying capacity and tonnage of rockets continue to increase. To meet the demand for hot-launching large-tonnage rockets at sea, this study has developed a modular offshore rocket launch platform. The platform is constructed using concrete materials to withstand the high temperatures and harsh environmental conditions generated by the rocket engine. Based on the three-dimensional nonlinear potential flow theory, a numerical model of the launch platform was developed using Ansys-AQWA software, and its motion response during the rocket launch process was analyzed. The study focused on the impact of launch timing, thrust response time, draft depth, and rocket thrust magnitude on the platform’s heave motion response.The results indicate that selecting an optimal launch timing and optimizing the thrust response time can significantly enhance the platform’s stability. The multi-module platform is more stable under high thrust, suitable for the launch of super-large rockets, whereas the single-module platform is more appropriate for small to medium-sized rockets. This paper provides theoretical support for the design and optimization of future offshore launch platforms.
2026,48(5): 31-36 收稿日期：2025-5-28
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.05.005
分类号：U663；P751
基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（52201311，52161041）；海南省研究生创新科研课题（Qhyb2024-47）
作者简介：郑元昊(1999-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为海上模块化多功能浮体结构
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