海洋浮标可收集海洋科研、海洋石油开发和港口建设所需的水文气象信息，是海洋环境监测活动的重要工具。但至今未能解决以可持续、性价比高的方式为海上浮标提供电力的难题。本文提出一种波纹状摩擦纳米发电机（C-TENG），用于波浪能量的收集，可以集成多个传感器，用于海洋浮标自供电。C-TENG由聚乳酸波纹板、密封片、平板、聚四氟乙烯（PTFE）球、铝电极等组成。在波纹板与平板之间形成的固定通道中，聚四氟乙烯球可以自由滚动，从而实现波能的收集。在固定通道的约束下，PTFE球都在同一个相位上运动，这使得在不需要整流的情况下，同一方向堆叠的C-TENG单元的相位电输出相同。每个C-TENG单元可以产生133.35 mW的最大峰值功率，其功率密度达到48.23 W/m3。研究表明，随着并联 C-TENG 单元的数量增加，电输出的数量增加。总之，C-TENG的提出为自供电海洋浮标的能源供应提供了可行的解决方案。在分布式海洋环境监测系统的建立上，C-TENG具有巨大的应用潜力。
Ocean buoys can collect hydrometeorological information needed for marine scientific research, marine oil development and port construction, and are an important tool for marine environmental monitoring activities. But the challenge of providing sustainable, cost-effective power to buoys at sea has not been solved. The study proposes a corrugated friction nanogenerator (C-TENG) for wave energy harvesting that can integrate multiple sensors for self-powered ocean buoys. C-TENG consists of polylactic acid corrugated plates, barrier sheets, flat plates, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) balls and aluminum electrodes. The PTFE balls can roll freely in a fixed channel formed between the corrugated plates and the flat plates to collect wave energy. PTFE balls all move in the same phase under the constraint of the fixed channel, which make the C-TENG cells stacked in the same direction have the same phase electrical output without rectification. Each C-TENG unit can produce a maximum peak power of 133.35 mW, giving a power density of 48.23 W/m3. It is shown that as the number of parallel C-TENG cells increases, the number of electrical outputs increases. In conclusion, C-TENG provides a feasible solution for the energy supply of self-powered ocean buoys. C-TENG has great application potential in the establishment of distributed ocean environment monitoring system.
2026,48(5): 37-43 收稿日期：2025-7-17
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.05.006
分类号：U66；TK79
基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年项目（52101382）
作者简介：邹滔(1994-),男,硕士,助教,研究方向为海洋微纳能源与自驱动系统
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