大型货船采用混合动力系统有助于提高能效、降低船舶温室气体及污染物排放。船舶混合动力系统组成及工作原理复杂，能量分配模式多样，各设备工作特性差异显著，子系统与设备间既相互配合又相互制约，因此需要在更全面的工况范围内研究船舶混合动力系统的能效。本文以一艘13000 DWT化学品船为研究对象，采用模块化方法建立船舶混合动力系统一体化仿真模型，并利用试验数据对模型进行验证。通过探究各子系统对混合动力系统能效的影响规律，揭示了船舶混合动力系统在多种工况下实现最佳能效的控制方式，为混合动力船舶不同工况的运行控制提供了理论支撑。同时，将该控制方式应用于某航段的运行控制，并与原有控制方式进行能效对比。仿真结果显示，平均每海里耗油量减少了2.1%，能效提升较为明显。
Adopting hybrid power systems on large cargo ships helps improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas and pollutant emissions. The composition and working principles of ship hybrid power systems are complex, with diverse energy distribution modes and significant differences in the operating characteristics of various equipment. Subsystems and equipment both coordinate and constrain each other, necessitating research on the energy efficiency of ship hybrid power systems across a more comprehensive range of operating conditions. This paper takes a 13,000 DWT chemical tanker as the research subject, establishes an integrated simulation model of the ship's hybrid power system using a modular approach, and validates the model with experimental data. By investigating the influence patterns of subsystems on the hybrid system's energy efficiency, it reveals the control strategies for achieving optimal energy efficiency under multiple operating conditions, providing theoretical support for the operational control of hybrid-powered ships under different conditions. Simultaneously, this control strategy was applied to the operational control of a specific voyage segment and compared with the original control method in terms of energy efficiency. Simulation results show that the average fuel consumption per nautical mile decreased by 2.1%, indicating a significant improvement in energy efficiency.
2026,48(5): 55-63 收稿日期：2025-7-10
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.05.009
分类号：U674.925
基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年项目（52201360）
作者简介：王瑞(2000-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为船舶混合动力系统建模仿真与集成控制
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