本文研究双层加肋圆柱壳声学覆盖层的吸声性能，探讨加肋壳体结构下覆盖层参数对圆柱壳声学性能的影响。基于有限元方法，建立包含孔隙和铺板结构的圆柱壳体模型，模拟壳体在不同覆盖层构型下的声辐射行为。研究结果表明，当孔隙半径从0.025 m增大到0.04 m时，1000 Hz频段的辐射声压级由70 dB降至41 dB，频段范围在500～1500 Hz均有明显改善；相较于方孔和三角形孔，圆孔在制备及降噪效果均有明显优势；圆孔处于覆盖层上方时的辐射声压级小于另外2种方案。本文通过优化加肋圆柱壳声学覆盖层的结构设计，有效提高噪声控制性能，为船体舱室降噪提供了一定的科学依据。
Investigates the sound absorption performance of the acoustic covering layer for double-layer stiffened cylindrical shells. Analyzes how covering layer parameters influence the acoustic performance of cylindrical shells. By means of the finite element method, a cylindrical shell model incorporating pores and panel structures is established to simulate sound radiation behaviors under diverse covering layer configurations. Findings indicate that increasing the pore radius from 0.025 m to 0.04 m decreases the radiated sound pressure level in the 1000 Hz band from 70 dB to 41 dB, with significant improvements in the 500 Hz to 1500 Hz range. Circular holes have distinct advantages over square and triangular holes in both preparation and noise reduction. When circular holes are positioned above the covering layer, the radiated sound pressure level is lower than in other arrangements. Optimizing the structural design of the acoustic covering layer for stiffened cylindrical shells can effectively enhance noise control performance, providing a scientific basis for hull cabin noise reduction.
2026,48(5): 103-108 收稿日期：2025-5-12
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.05.016
分类号：U674.76
基金项目：江苏省卓越博士后计划资助项目（2024ZB524）；2024年度国家资助博士后研究人员计划C档资助项目（GZC20240618）
作者简介：王彦(1986-),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为数字化集成装备研发与应用
参考文献：
[1] MEYER E, KUHL W. Sound absorption and sound absorbers in water[M]. NAVSHIPS Publication, 1947.
[2] 宁荣辉, 朱石坚, 张振海. 激励位置对加肋圆柱壳振声特性影响研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2020, 42(9): 8-12
NING R H, ZHU S J, ZHANG Z H. Research on the influence of excitation location on the vibration and sound characteristics of stiffened cylindrical shells[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2020, 42(9): 8-12
[3] 秦冲, 王晓琳, 尹铫, 等. 声学覆盖层内嵌空腔的一种数值优化方法[J]. 声学技术, 2023, 42(1): 1-7
QIN C, WANG X L, YIN Y, et al. A numerical optimization method for cavities embedded in acoustic covering layers[J]. Technical Acoustics, 2023, 42(1): 1-7
[4] 廖琳, 向阳. 组合空腔声学覆盖层声学性能分析及其优化设计[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2022, 42(2): 10-16+58
LIAO L, XIANG Y. Analysis of the acoustic performance and optimal design of the acoustic covering layer with combined cavities[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2022, 42(2): 10-16+58
[5] 张嘉伟, 胡昊灏, 黄一帆, 等. 基于传递矩阵法的声学覆盖层透射系数预报研究[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2024, 44(1): 80-85
ZHANG J W, HU H H, HUANG Y F, et al. Research on prediction of transmission coefficient of acoustic coating based on transfer matrix method[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2024, 44(1): 80-85
[6] 俞白兮, 李凯, 张峰, 等. 敷设分层梯度声学覆盖层的加肋圆柱壳声辐射特性研究[J]. 船舶力学, 2024, 28(2): 294-308
YU B X, LI K, ZHANG F, et al. Research on the sound radiation characteristics of stiffened cylindrical shells with laminated gradient acoustic coatings[J]. Journal of Ship Mechanics, 2024, 28(2): 294-308
[7] 胡昊灏, 周石头, 蒋哲伦, 等. 敷设声学覆盖层平板流激声辐射研究[J]. 舰船科学技术, 2024, 46(1): 63-67
HU H H, ZHOU S T, JIANG Z L, et al. Research on the flow-induced sound radiation of a flat plate with acoustic covering layer[J]. Ship Science and Technology, 2024, 46(1): 63-67
[8] 何川, 应童, 陶猛. 含螺旋结构的水下声学覆盖层吸声特性研究[J]. 噪声与振动控制, 2024, 44(3): 50-55
HE C, YING T, TAO M. Research on the sound absorption characteristics of underwater acoustic covering layers containing spiral structures[J]. Noise and Vibration Control, 2024, 44(3): 50-55
[9] 王世博, 胡博, 张昊阳, 等. 含覆层圆柱空腔的声学材料水下吸声特性研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2024, 43(14): 103-111+141
WANG S B, HU B, ZHANG H Y, et al. Research on the underwater sound absorption characteristics of acoustic materials in a cylindrical cavity with a coating layer[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2024, 43(14): 103-111+141
[10] 张博涵, 荣吉利, 程修妍. 基于多孔材料的圆柱空腔声学覆盖层优化设计[J]. 工程科学学报, 2025, 47(3): 468-479
ZHANG B H, RONG J L, CHENG X Y. Optimal design of the acoustic covering layer of a cylindrical cavity based on porous materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering, 2025, 47(3): 468-479
[11] 张建民, 安俊英. 双层壳体目标敷设声学覆盖层低频散射特性研究[J]. 声学与电子工程, 2022(1): 34-38
ZHANG J M, AN J Y. Research on the low-frequency scattering characteristics of the acoustic covering layer applied to a double-layer shell target[J]. Acoustics and Electronics Engineering, 2022(1): 34-38
[12] 师康康, 靳国永, 叶天贵, 等. 含空腔的功能梯度声学覆盖层水下吸声特性[J]. 声学学报, 2021, 46(3): 394-404
SHI K K, JIN G Y, YE T G, et al. Underwater sound absorption characteristics of a functional gradient acoustic coating with cavities[J]. Acta Acustica, 2021, 46(3): 394-404
[13] SHARMA G S, MARSICK A, MAXIT L, et al. Acoustic radiation from a cylindrical shell with a voided soft elastic coating[J]. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2021, 150(6): 4308-4314
