面对全球气候变化带来的北极航行战略机遇与挑战，破冰船研究已成为全球关注的重点领域。本研究以科学引文索引为数据来源，构建了包含692篇来自海洋工程、海洋学等领域的国外文献专业语料库。本研究创新性地采用了基于深度语义嵌入的BERTopic主题建模技术，从语料库中自动识别并提取出8个具有高语义连贯性的核心主题。这些主题清晰地揭示了当前国外破冰船研究的知识结构，覆盖了从冰区性能、海冰结构及电力推进的工程技术领域，到气候观测、水文地形研究的环境科学领域，以及海冰遥感、生化耦合的交叉学科领域。通过对各主题文献的解析，本研究不仅有助于该领域学者掌握研究热点与未来趋势，更对我国提升极地装备技术水平具有参考意义。
As global climate change reshapes the strategic landscape of Arctic navigation, icebreaker research has become a key focus of the international scientific community. Drawing on the Web of Science (WoS), this study constructs a specialized corpus of 692 international publications from fields such as Engineering Marine and Oceanography. Using BERTopic, a topic modeling approach powered by deep semantic embeddings, the paper automatically identifies eight semantically coherent core topics from the corpus. These topics characterize the current knowledge structure of icebreaker research abroad, spanning engineering and technology domains, including ice performance, sea ice structure, and electric propulsion; environmental science domains, such as climate observation as well as hydrological and topographical studies; and cross-disciplinary domains, including sea-ice remote sensing, biogeochemical coupling. Through an analysis of the literature within each topic, this study not only helps scholars in the field gain a clearer understanding of current research hotspots and future trends, but also offers insights that may support the development of China′s polar equipment technologies.
2026,48(5): 194-200 收稿日期：2025-11-24
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.05.031
分类号：U674.21
基金项目：教育部·外研在线2024年07月批次产学合作协同育人项目（241101339193251）
作者简介：乌东建(1978-),男,硕士,实验师,研究方向为电子与信息工程
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