随着无人潜航器对长时、安静执行任务的需求日益突出，基于当前无人潜航器驻留技术的研究展望了未来关键技术发展的主要方向。驻留技术可归纳为一次驻留技术和重复驻留技术。一次驻留技术如传统锚、自锚定技术等，虽然结构简单、转换速度快，但存在难以回收和重复使用的问题。重复驻留技术包括有缆驻留方式和无缆驻留方式，可灵活调整驻留位置，且可重复使用，但机械结构与控制算法更加复杂。通过总结现有驻留技术的优缺点，提出了未来研究的方向，包括海底环境感知与路径规划、驻留期间能源补充以及锚缆功能复用技术等，为无人潜航器的海底驻留技术研究提供参考。
With the increasing demand for long-term and quiet mission of UUV (unmanned underwater vehicles), the main directions of key technology development in the future are prospected based on the current research on unmanned underwater vehicle residency technology. The residency technology can be summarized as a one-time residency technique and a repeated residency technique. Although the primary residency technology, such as traditional anchor and self-mooring technology, has simple structure and fast conversion speed, it is difficult to recycle and reuse. The repetitive residency technology includes cabled residency method and cable-less residency method, which can flexibly adjust the residency position and can be reused, but the mechanical structure and control algorithm are more complex. By summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of the existing residency technologies, the future research directions are proposed, including seabed environment perception and path planning, energy recharge during the residency period, and anchor cable function reuse technology, which provides a reference for the research of seabed residency technology for UUV.
2026,48(6): 1-8 收稿日期：2025-7-4
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.06.001
分类号：U674.941
作者简介：李瑞康(1994-),男,硕士,工程师,研究方向为智能无人装备
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