水下航行器为保持航向稳定需持续进行小幅舵角调整，这一过程会在舵叶两侧形成压力差，进而迫使流体在舵叶缝隙处产生横向流动，引发流体翻转并形成分离涡，最终破坏航行器尾流场均匀性，导致螺旋桨激振力幅值增大，影响航行器的声隐身性能。针对上述问题，本文设计一种安装在基座上端面的整流端板，以某水下航行器为研究对象，采用基于数值模拟方法，重点分析小舵角工况下该整流端板对水下航行器桨盘面速度分布均匀性的影响。研究表明，在0°、3°和5°舵角下，整流端板能较好提升桨盘面速度分布的均匀性。
To maintain course stability, underwater vehicles need to continuously perform small-amplitude rudder angle adjustments. This process creates a pressure difference on both sides of the rudder blade, thereby forcing fluid to generate transverse flow at the rudder blade gap, triggering fluid overturning and the formation of separated vortices. Ultimately, this undermines the wake flow field uniformity of the vehicle, leading to an increase in the amplitude of propeller excitation force and affecting the vehicle's acoustic stealth performance. To address the above issues, this paper designs a flow-straightening end plate mounted on the upper end face of the base. Taking an underwater vehicle as the research object and adopting numerical simulation methods, this study focuses on analyzing the influence of the flow-straightening end plate on the uniformity of velocity distribution at the propeller disk of the underwater vehicle under small rudder angle conditions. Research results show that under rudder angles of 0°, 3°, and 5°, the flow-straightening end plate can effectively improve the uniformity of velocity distribution at the propeller disk.
2026,48(6): 59-65 收稿日期：2025-10-21
DOI：10.3404/j.issn.1672-7649.2026.06.009
分类号：U674.941
作者简介：叶金铭(1978-),男,博士,教授,研究方向为舰船水动力性能
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